Washington State University Libraries Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections
Guide to the Sidney Marks Papers
1946-1988
Cage 767
Table of Contents
- Summary Information
- Biography/History
- Scope and Content
- Arrangement
- Administrative Information
- Names and Subjects
- Detailed Description of Collection
- Series 1: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission, 1940s-1970s
- Series 2: Conference and Symposia Files, 1970s-1980s
- Series 3: The Hanford Mortality Study, 1970s-1980
- Series 4: Assurance Program for Remedial Action Project, 1980
- Series 5: Subject Files, 1960-1980s
Summary Information
- Repository
- Washington State University Libraries, Manuscripts, Archives and Special Collections
- Creator
- Marks, Sydney
- Title
- Sidney Marks Papers
- ID
- Cage 767
- Date [inclusive]
- 1946-1988
- Extent
- 10.5 Linear feet of shelf space, 21 boxes
- Language
- Collection materials are in
- Abstract
- These papers document Sidney Marks's professional activities as a research scientist with a special expertise in the health effects of radiation.
Preferred Citation
[Item Description] Sidney Marks Papers, 1946-1988
Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, Washington State University Libraries, Pullman, WA.
Biography/History
Sidney Marks was born in Chicago, Illinois on June 28, 1918. He initially trained as a medical doctor with a specialty certification in human pathology. He received his medical degree in 1942 from the University of Illinois and obtained a board certification in pathology in 1947. He worked as a pathologist for the Veterans Administration Hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico from 1947 to 1948, and in 1950 he moved to Richland, Washington.
In Richland, he worked both at Kadlec Hospital and at General Electric Hanford's Biology Laboratory. His work at Hanford cultivated a new interest in the effects of low-level radiation exposure and inspired him to further his education. In 1961, he earned a Master of Science degree in physics from the University of Idaho and a Ph.D. in biostatistics at the University of California Los Angeles in 1970.
His dual skills in medicine and biostatistics, along with his keen interest in radiation, led Dr. Marks to a long and productive career with the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), the Energy Research Development Administration (ERDA, predecessor of the Department of Energy), and the U.S. Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
In 1971, after several years in graduate school and an appointment as associate professor at University of Maryland Medical School, Marks joined the Atomic Energy Commission's Division of Biology and Medicine (later the ERDA). He served as the agency's coordinator of human studies and biostatistics until 1976. While in this position he worked with the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC), oversaw health physics studies and radiobiology of uranium studies, and was involved in the highly controversial epidemiologic study of Hanford workers commonly known as the Mancuso study.
In 1976, Marks left the ERDA and returned to Richland to accept a position as program manager for epidemiological studies at Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Environmental, Health, and Safety Research Program. Dr. Marks was instrumental in the creation of the United States Uranium Registry and the development of standard for uranium exposure.
Scope and Content
These papers document Sidney Marks's professional activities as a research scientist with a special expertise in the health effects of radiation. The collection includes reports, scientific data, correspondence, printed materials, and literature relating to Marks's professional activities.
Series 1: The Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC), 1940s-1970s -- This series includes reports, correspondence, and documents related to Dr. Marks's trip to Japan as part of the ABCC.
Series 2: The Conference and Symposia files, 1970s-1980s -- This series contains correspondence, programs, meeting notes, and papers from the conferences, symposia, and courses attended by Dr. Marks. These include the Heath Physics Society annual meeting, the National Council on Radiation, Department of Energy meetings and workshops, and the American College of Nuclear Medicine.
Series 3: The Hanford Mortality Study, 1970s-1980 -- This series documents Dr. Marks's deep involvement in the controversy that erupted over the study, primarily conducted by Dr. Thomas F. Mancuso. Dr. Mancuso was an epidemiologist contracted by the AEC in 1965 to study the long-term effects of low dose radiation exposure in nuclear bomb workers. In the mid-1970s, Mancuso's contract with the AEC was terminated. His termination led to much controversy within the nuclear community, among radiation scholars, and in popular press. Dr. Marks was Mancuso's AEC supervisor and took over the study after Mancuso was fired. The collection includes correspondence, Congressional testimony, drafts of the study, documentation of related research, and much of the literature surrounding the controversy and results of the Hanford Mortality Study.
Series 4: The Assurance Program for Remedial Action Project (APRA), 1980 -- This series includes a description of the project, correspondence, and reports. Marks served as one of the principal investigators for this project. Conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Battelle Memorial Institute, the purpose of this project was to provide technical support and assistance to the Department of Energy's Office of Operation Safety in implementing its Assurance Program for Remedial Action. Marks and his associates provided review, technical support and advice to the Operational Safety staff in developing the procedural and technical content of the APRA, including Quality Assurance reviews and appraisals, radiological dose criteria evaluations and recommendations, and risk assessment reviews and appraisals.
Series 5: Subject files, 1960-1980s -- Much of the material in the Subject Files series consists of literature dedicated to Dr. Marks's professional interest in the health effects of long term low dose radiation exposure both natural and manmade and the controversies surrounding this highly debated issue.
Arrangement
The collection is arranged in 5 series reflecting Sidney Marks's original order.
Administrative Information
Publication Information
Washington State University Libraries Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections © 2016
http://www.libraries.wsu.edu/masc/
Terrell Library
P.O. Box 645610
Pullman, WA, 99164-5610 USA
509-335-6691
mascref@wsu.edu
Restrictions on Access
This collection is open and available for research use.
Restrictions on Use
Copyright restrictions apply.
Acquisition Information
The Sidney Marks papers were donated to the Washington State University libraries in 2006 by Ronald Kathren as part of the Herbert M. Parker Special Library Collections (MS 2006-07).
Processing Information
This collection was processed by Lee Ann Powell in 2011.
Names and Subjects
Corporate Name(s)
Subject(s) :
- Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission.
- U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.
Personal Name(s)
Subject(s) :
- Marks, Sidney -- Archives
Subject(s)
- Scientists -- Archives.
- Radiation -- Health aspects -- Research.
- Radiation -- Dosage -- Research.
- Radiation carcinogenesis -- Research.
- Science
Detailed Description of Collection
Series 1: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission, 1940s-1970s |
||||
box | folder | |||
Advisory Committee Meeting Minutes, 1961 and 1962 |
1 | 1 | ||
Program Review, 1962 |
1 | 2 | ||
History of Commission Development, 1963 and 1967 |
1 | 3 | ||
Report on Future of the Commission |
1 | 4 | ||
Miscellaneous correspondence, 1959-1968 |
1 | 5 | ||
Research and Register Protocols, 1964-1973 |
1 | 6-7 | ||
Administrative Flow Chart, 1968 |
1 | 8 | ||
Commission Reorganization, 1968-1975 |
1 | 9 | ||
National Academy of Sciences Review of Commission, 1975 |
1 | 10 | ||
Annual and Semi-Annual Reports, 1950-1955 |
1 | 11-12 | ||
Annual and Semi-Annual Reports, 1950-1955 |
2 | 13-16 | ||
Annual Reports, 1968-1972 |
2 | 17-18 | ||
Annual Reports, 1968-1972 |
3 | 19-20 | ||
Manhattan Engineer District (report on atomic bombings), undated |
3 | 21 | ||
Report on Hiroshima bombing, undated |
3 | 22 | ||
Casualties and Damages Report (atomic bombings), 1952 |
3 | 23 | ||
Atomic Energy Commission Reports on Hiroshima and Nagasaki (bombing affects), 1963 and 1966 |
3 | 24 | ||
ABCC Technical Reports (health of atomic bomb survivors), 1954, 1964, 1976-1978, 1982 |
3 | 25 | ||
Naval Reports (Marshall Island and Nagasaki skin burn victims; and yield of Hiroshima weapon), 1955 and 1965 |
3 | 26 | ||
Civil Defense Report (analysis of Japanese casualty data), 1966 |
4 | 27-28 | ||
Atomic Bomb Survivors in the United States (correspondence and press clippings), 1972 and 1974 |
4 | 29 | ||
Bibliography of Publications Concerning Effect of Nuclear Explosions, 1960 and 1961 |
4 | 30 | ||
Comparison of Skeletal Maturation with Dental Status in Children (article manuscript copy), 1953 |
4 | 31 | ||
Darling, George (correspondence), 1969-1972 |
4 | 32 | ||
Declassified documents on the effects of the Atomic Bombs in Japan (report), 1965 |
4 | 33 | ||
Delayed Consequences of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation (symposium articles), 1971 |
4 | 34 | ||
Division of Biology and Medicine (correspondence), 1962-1972 |
4 | 35 | ||
Dunham, Charles (correspondence), 1962 and 1970 |
4 | 36 | ||
Epidemiology of Lung Cancer (article manuscript copy), 1974 |
4 | 37 | ||
Goldstein, Joseph (International Congress of Radiology trip report), 1969 |
4 | 38 | ||
Health and Atomic Bomb Survivors (reports and studies), 1962-1986 and undated |
4 | 39-40 | ||
Hiroshima University (bibliography of research papers by science faculty), 1985 |
5 | 41 | ||
Hole, David (correspondence), 1986 |
5 | 42 | ||
Impact of Atomic Energy Industry on Community Health (report), 1955 |
5 | 43 | ||
Japan Trip (trip report by John B. Storer), 1968 |
5 | 44 | ||
Japan Trip (trip report by R.L. Hays), 1971 |
5 | 45 | ||
Japan Trip (schedule, Marks meeting notes, ticket stubs, receipts, reports, press clipping), 1975 |
5 | 46 | ||
Japanese press (English translations of atomic bomb related articles), 1960 |
5 | 47 | ||
Japan Science Promotion Society (report), 1953 |
5 | 48-49 | ||
Kyogikai for the Adult Health Study (meeting minuets), 1963 |
5 | 50 | ||
Kyoto University (brochure), 1956 |
5 | 51 | ||
Radiation Effects Research Foundation (report on cancer mortality in bomb survivors and newsletters), 1982 and 1985 |
5 | 52 | ||
Royal Society of London Explosive Yields at Hiroshima and Nagasaki (report), 1970 |
5 | 53 | ||
Typical Japanese dwelling (specifications and design blueprints), 1956 |
5 | 54 | ||
Marshall Islands (correspondence and press clippings), 1974 |
5 | 55 | ||
National Academy of Sciences (budget and correspondence), 1970 and 1972 |
5 | 56 | ||
Problems of Measurement of Aging in the Human Population (report), 1972 |
5 | 57 | ||
Radioactive Dust from Nuclear Detonation (report), 1954 |
6 | 58 | ||
U.S. Strategic Bomb Survey of Physical Damages (report), 1946 |
6 | 59-62 | ||
U.S. Strategic Bomb Survey Heath and Medical Services and Japanese Wartime Standard of Living (reports), 1947 |
6 | 63-64 | ||
|
||||
Series 2: Conference and Symposia Files, 1970s-1980s |
||||
box | folder | |||
Human genetics course materials (University of Washington), 1976 |
6 | 65 | ||
Conference on radiation associated thyroid carcinoma (program), 1976 |
6 | 66 | ||
Department of Energy meeting and workshop on oil shale (press clipping, registration list, and introductory comments by Marks), 1977 |
6 | 67 | ||
Symposium on the late biological effects of ionizing radiation (program, correspondence, report 1978 |
6 | 68-69 | ||
Heath Physics Society annual meeting (newsletters, programs, abstracts, and notes), 1976 and 1978 |
7 | 70 | ||
Department of Energy statistical symposium (program), 1980 |
7 | 71 | ||
Radon Specialists meeting (notes, abstracts, and correspondence), 1980 |
7 | 72 | ||
Hazards to the fetus course materials (University of Washington), 1980 |
7 | 73 | ||
American College of Nuclear Medicine annual meeting (program, abstracts, and correspondence), 1980 |
7 | 74 | ||
Department of Energy health and mortality studies review meeting (agenda), 1980 |
7 | 75 | ||
Environ Metrics symposium (program and correspondence), 1981 and 1982 |
7 | 76 | ||
Radiation hazards in mining meeting (contact lists and notes), 1981 |
7 | 77 | ||
American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting (program, correspondence, and notes), 1981 and 1982 |
7 | 78 | ||
International symposium on biomedical effects of ozone (program), 1982 |
7 | 79 | ||
Department of Energy radiation epidemiology contractors' workshop (correspondence and presentation), 1982 |
7 | 80 | ||
National Council on Radiation (correspondence, reports, annual meeting programs), 1979-1988 |
7 | 81-82 | ||
National Council on Radiation (continued) |
8 | 83 | ||
|
||||
Series 3: The Hanford Mortality Study, 1970s-1980 |
||||
box | folder | |||
Argonne National Laboratory (mortality study), 1959 |
8 | 84 | ||
Mancuso, Thomas F. (correspondence, reports, testimony, presentations, article manuscript copies), 1965, 1970-1984 |
8 | 85-89 | ||
Project feasibility study, 1966 |
8 | 90 | ||
Retrospective and data acquisition report, 1969 |
9 | 91-92 | ||
Mancuso progress report (numbers 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10), 1970-1974 |
9 | 93-98 | ||
Mancuso progress reports (numbers 11 and 13), 1975 and 1977 |
10 | 99-100 | ||
Stewart, Alice (correspondence, reports, and article manuscript copies), 1970-1978 |
10 | 101-102 | ||
Radiation protection standards, 1971 |
10 | 103 | ||
Sanders, Barkev S. (article manuscript copies), 1971 and 1972 |
10 | 104 | ||
Medical Research Council (Robin H. Mole correspondence), 1974-1982 |
10 | 105 | ||
Blot, William J. (letter to Marks), 1975 |
10 | 106 | ||
Gilbert, Ethel S. (article manuscript copies), 1975-1985 |
10 | 107-108 | ||
National Radiological Protection Board (correspondence, bulletins, press release), 1976-1985 |
11 | 109 | ||
Marks, Sidney (article manuscript copies, project status report, press briefings, narrative of his involvement with the project and the Mancuso controversy, and correspondence), 1976-1984 |
11 | 110-111 | ||
British Nuclear Fuels (Geoff B. Schofield correspondence and obituary) 1976-1985 |
11 | 112 | ||
Milham, Samuel (article manuscript copy and evaluation by Mancuso team), 1976 |
11 | 113 | ||
John Abbotts and the Public Interest Research Group (letter from Battelle and requested documents), 1976 |
11 | 114 | ||
Press clippings 1976-1979, 1981, 1985, and undated |
11 | 115-116 | ||
Project history, 1977, 1983, and undated |
11 | 117 | ||
Anderson, Terrence (correspondence and review of Mancuso), 1977 and 1979 |
11 | 118 | ||
Tamplin, Arthur (testimony before the Nuclear Regulatory Commission), 1977 |
11 | 119 | ||
Brodsky, Allen (article manuscripts copies, correspondence, and testimony before the House Sub-Committee on Health and the Environment), 1977-1979, 1982 |
12 | 120 | ||
Mancuso report critiques, 1977 and 1978 |
12 | 121 | ||
Essays on nuclear power in the Northwest by Evergreen State College students, 1978 |
12 | 122 | ||
The Windscale Inquiry Volumes 1 and 2 (British nuclear industry environment and health report), 1978 |
12 | 123-124 | ||
National Radiation Protection Board review of Mancuso, 1978 and 1979 |
12 | 125 | ||
British Nuclear Fuels (Eddie Clough correspondence and reports), 1978, 1979, 1982-1984 |
12 | 126 | ||
Atomic Energy Research Establishment (A. Norman Stott correspondence), 1978 |
12 | 127 | ||
Leukemia and radiation (reports), 1978 and 1988 |
12 | 128 | ||
Canadian Mortality Study (reports and correspondence), 1979, 1981, 1984 |
12 | 129 | ||
Canadian Mortality Study (continued) |
13 | 130-131 | ||
Advisory Committee (correspondence and reports), 1980-1985 |
13 | 132-133 | ||
Culham Laboratory (William M. Lomer correspondence), 1980 and 1986 |
13 | 134 | ||
United Kingdom Energy Authority (correspondence and reports on the United Kingdom Atomic Energy mortality study) 1980-1986 |
13 | 135 | ||
Federal Radiation Research Activities House Subcommittee hearing testimony (Robert Alvarez, William Harpin, George Hutchinson, and Seymour Jablon), 1982 |
13 | 136 | ||
Radiation and life expectancy, 1957, 1982, 1983 |
13 | 137 | ||
Presentations on radiation, 1983 |
13 | 138 | ||
Peer review, 1983 |
13 | 139 | ||
Energy-Related Health Research annual report, 1983 |
14 | 140 | ||
Briefings and memoranda, 1984 |
14 | 141 | ||
Radiostrontium report, 1984 |
14 | 142 | ||
Three Mile Island (review of dose estimates), 1984 |
14 | 143 | ||
Risk assessment briefing, 1985 |
14 | 144 | ||
Alvarez, Robert (Alvarez report and comments by Marks), 1985 and 1986 |
14 | 145 | ||
British Nuclear Fuels Sellafield plant (mortality study), 1982 |
14 | 146 | ||
Petersen, Gerald (correspondence), 1986 |
14 | 147 | ||
Epidemiology presentation, 1988 |
14 | 148 | ||
Human health studies presentation, undated |
14 | 149 | ||
Animal radiation studies (Marks and others), undated |
14 | 150 | ||
Atomic Industrial Forum critique of Mancuso, undated |
14 | 152 | ||
Mortality study literature (index, abstracts, and articles resulting from or about the study), 1976-1982 |
14 | 153-154 | ||
Mortality study literature (continued) |
15 | 155-156 | ||
Slides and index 1976, 1980, 1982-1984 |
15 | 157 | ||
Miscellaneous, 1963 and undated |
15 | 158 | ||
|
||||
Series 4: Assurance Program for Remedial Action Project, 1980 |
||||
box | folder | |||
Utah State Department of Health (correspondence with Marks and others), 1979-1984 |
15 | 159 | ||
Project files (distribution lists, memos, field task proposals and agreements, resumes, property reports, literature bibliography), 1981-1984 |
15 | 160 | ||
Salt Lake City (radon screening results, seasonal radon levels, remedial action priorities, floor plans and maps), 1981, 1982, and undated |
15 | 161-164 | ||
Salt Lake City (projected excess cancer rates and health effects estimations for properties), 1983 and undated |
16 | 165-168 | ||
Uranium mines emission standards, 1982 and 1985 |
16 | 169 | ||
Durango (health effects estimation for properties), 1983 |
16 | 170 | ||
Radon in mill tailings presentation, 1983 |
16 | 171 | ||
Description of procedures used in estimating health effects, 1983 |
16 | 172 | ||
Estimation of daily food consumption (letter and report), 1983 and 1984 |
16 | 173 | ||
Health effects of radon in mill tailings (correspondence and literature related to Marks's review article), 1984 |
16 | 174 | ||
Uranium mill tailings and risk estimation presentation, 1984 |
16 | 175 | ||
Risk assessment for remedial action, 1985 |
17 | 176 | ||
Indoor air quality research strategy, 1985 |
17 | 177 | ||
United Nations risk assessment of radiation, 1986 |
17 | 178 | ||
Statistical methods for assessing environmental carcinogens risk, undated |
17 | 179 | ||
Uranium industry statistics and papers (microfiche), 1976, 1977, 1983 |
17 | 180 | ||
|
||||
Series 5: Subject Files, 1960-1980s |
||||
box | folder | |||
Andreas, George (correspondence), 1982 |
17 | 181 | ||
Brazilian regions of high natural radioactivity (article manuscript copies), 1963 |
17 | 182 | ||
Bertell, Rosalie (article manuscript copy), 1976-1978, and 1985 |
17 | 183 | ||
Bertell and Bross (correspondence), 1972-1976 |
17 | 184 | ||
Biomedical and environmental research chronology, 1973 |
17 | 185 | ||
Bross, Irwin D.J. (article manuscript copy), 1976 |
17 | 186 | ||
Canada (health studies of uranium miners and atomic workers), 1983-1985, and 1987 |
17 | 187-188 | ||
Colorado Energy Research Institute (letter), 1983 |
17 | 189 | ||
Energy production (comparative risks analysis), undated |
18 | 190 | ||
Hanford (press clippings and photographs), 1979 and 1985 |
18 | 191 | ||
Fallout (map and literature), 1955 and 1968 |
18 | 192 | ||
General Electric (corporate research and development), 1981 |
18 | 193 | ||
Glossary of radiation terms, undated |
18 | 194 | ||
India (natural high levels of radiation), 1956-1973 and undated |
18 | 195 | ||
Indoor air quality (literature), 1987 |
18 | 196 | ||
Ionizing radiation (literature), 1956, 1961, and undated |
18 | 197 | ||
Kathren, Ronald (radiation and health physics presentation), 1986 and undated |
18 | 198 | ||
Lilienfeld paper (Marks's notes), undated |
18 | 199 | ||
Los Alamos (AEC study of plutonium workers), 1973 |
18 | 200 | ||
Low level radiation (literature), 1979, 1980, and undated |
18 | 201 | ||
Lung dosimetry (literature), 1964-1985 and undated |
19 | 202 | ||
Lyon, J. Lyn (Marks review of leukemia study), 1978 and 1979 |
19 | 203 | ||
Meyer, Mary (critique of paper), 1970 |
19 | 204 | ||
National Council on Radiation Protection (comments on Federal Register), 1980 |
19 | 205 | ||
Natural radiation and health, (literature) 1979 |
19 | 206 | ||
New Mexico uranium miners (literature), 1978 and undated |
19 | 207 | ||
Nonmalignant respiratory diseases in miners (literature), undated |
19 | 208 | ||
Niue Island (map, geological survey, and correspondence) 1959 |
19 | 209 | ||
Oak Ridge Associated Universities (newsletter), 1983 |
19 | 210 | ||
Pacific Northwest Laboratory (correspondence and reports), 1982-1986 |
19 | 211 | ||
Pre-natal radiation (literature), 1973 and 1974 |
19 | 212 | ||
Press clippings (radiation and human health), 1981-1986 |
19 | 213 | ||
Radiation health risks (literature), 1982, 1983, and 1984 |
19 | 214 | ||
Radon (conference papers, literature, Germany, human health risk, inside dwellings, and miscellaneous), 1973-1988 and undated |
19 | 215 | ||
Radon (continued) |
20 | 216-224 | ||
Risk analysis and energy sources (speech, literature, and presentation outline), 1979, 1984, 1985, and undated |
20 | 225 | ||
Risks associated with nuclear power (National Academy of Science report), 1979 |
20 | 226 | ||
Shale oil (presentation outline), undated |
20 | 227 | ||
Sharpe, William (article manuscript copies), undated |
20 | 228 | ||
South Africa (lung cancer in miners), 1971 and 1980 |
20 | 229 | ||
Testicular function and radiation (literature), 1974 |
20 | 230 | ||
Unidentified photograph [Marks and others?], undated |
20 | 231 | ||
United Nation Scientific Committee on Effects of Radiation (reports), 1977-1981 |
20 | 232 | ||
Uranium miners and radiation (literature) 1969, 1978, 1984 |
20 | 233-234 | ||
Uranium miner regression study, 1976 |
20 | 253 | ||
|
||||